Proceedings of International Conference on Hybrid and Organic Photovoltaics (HOPV16)
Publication date: 28th March 2016
The efficiency of solution processed organic solar cells is approaching the threshold for commercial viability. However, before this can become a competitive technology, the major challenge of their stability must be overcome. Stability research focuses on that of the donor polymers, leaving that of the fullerene acceptor much less studied and its impact on overall device stability unclear. In this study, the photo-oxidation of the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is investigated as a neat film and when blended with the photo-inactive polystyrene (PS). It was observed that PCBM underwent photo-oxidation as seen with appearance and growth of a carbonyl peak on FTIR spectra and photobleaching of UV-Vis absorption with aging. This degradation was seen to increase with decreasing PCBM aggregation. In fact, the oxygen concentration throughout the bulk of less aggregated blend films was far higher than that of neat films once they were aged. With just 40 minutes of PCBM photo-oxidation, the electron mobility was observed to drop more than fourfold. A shift in electroluminescence showed that this loss of electron mobility was due to the formation of charge trap states which was reinforced with modelling. Transient absorption measurements implied that the degradation mechanism was triplet mediated photo-oxidation. PCBM is easily photo-oxidised, even after just 40 minutes, and could be an important degradation pathway for organic solar cells.
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